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Informational Resources

Journal Articles 

see also . . . Recommended Books / Web Resources

(Note: All journals in this list are available in print from the Health Sciences Library, or online via the Full Text Finder to authorized users, unless otherwise indicated – see key at end of the list)

Abeggien, J., & Conger, C. (1997). Critical thinking in nursing: classroom tactics that work. Journal of Nursing Education, 36, 452-458.

Adams, B.L. (1999).  Nursing education for critical thinking:  An integrative review.  Journal of Nursing Education, 38, 111-119.

Albert, F.T., Albert, R.E., & Radsma, J. (2002). Relationships among bilingualism, critical thinking ability & critical thinking disposition.  Journal of Professional Nursing, 18, 220-229.

Allen, G.D., Rubenfield, M.G., & Scheffer, B.K. (2004). Reliability assessment of critical thinking. Journal of Professional Nursing, 20(1), 15-22.

Angel, B.F., Duffey, M., & Elyea, M. (2000). An evidenced-based project for evaluating strategies to improve knowledge requisition & critical thinking performance in nursing students. Journal of Nursing Education, 39, 219-228.

Baker, C.R. (1996). Reflective learning: A teaching strategy for critical thinking. Journal of Nursing Education, 35, 19-22.

Beckie, T.M., Lowry, L.W., & Barnett S. (2001). Assessing critical thinking in baccalaureate nursing students: a longitudinal study. Holistic Nursing Practice, 15(3), 18-26.

Beeken, J.E. (1997). The relationship between critical thinking and self-concept in staff nurses and the influence of these characteristics on nursing practice.  Journal of Nursing Staff Development, 13(5), 272-278.

Bell, M.L. Heye, M.L., Campion, L., Hendricks, P.B., Owens, B.L., & Schoonover, J. (2002). Evaluation of a process-focused learning strategy to promote critical thinking. Journal of Nursing Education, 41, 175-177.

Bowles, K. (2000). The relationship of critical thinking skills and the clinical judgment skills of baccalaureate nursing students. Journal of Nursing Education, 39, 373-376

† Brigham, C. (1993).  Nursing education & critical thinking: Interplay of contenting & thinking.  Holistic Nursing Practice, 7(3), 48-54.

† Brookfield, S. (1993). On impostor ship, cultural suicide, & other dangers: How nurses learn critical thinking.  The Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing, 24(5), 197-205.

Brown, J.M., Alverson, E.M., & Pepa C.A. (2001). The influence of a baccalaureate program on traditional, RN-BSN, and accelerated students’ critical thinking abilities. Holistic Nursing Practice, 15(3), 4-8.

Callister, L.C. (1996). Maternal interview: A teaching strategy fostering critical thinking. Journal of Nursing Education, 35, 29-30.

Candela, L., Michael, S.R., & Mitchell, S. (2003). Ethical debates: enhancing critical thinking in nursing students. Nurse Educator, 28(1), 37-39.

**Cooper, N.J. (2000). The use of narrative in the development of critical thinking. Nurse Education Today, 20, 513-8.

Daley, B.J., Shaw, C.R., Balistrieri, T., Glasenapp, K., & Piacentine, L. (1999). Using concept maps: A strategy to teach and evaluate critical thinking. Journal of Nursing Education, 38, 42-47,

Daly, W. (1998). Critical thinking as an outcome of nursing education.  What is it?  Why is it important to nursing practice?  Journal of Advanced Nursing, 25, 323-331.

Daly, W.M. (2001).  The development of an alternative method in the assessment method in the assessment of critical thinking as an outcome of nursing education.  Journal of Advanced Nursing, 36, 120-130.

†  Dexter, P., Applegate, M., Backer, J., Claytor, K., Keffer, J., Norton, B., & Ross, B.  (1997). A proposed framework for teaching & evaluating critical thinking in nursing.  Journal of Professional Nursing, 13,160-167.

Duchscher, J.B. (2003). Critical thinking: perceptions of newly graduated female baccalaureate nurses. Journal of Nursing Education, 42, 14-27.

Elliott, D.D. (1996). Promoting critical thinking in the classroom. Nurse Educator, 21(2), 49-52.

Feingold, C., & Perlich, L.J. (1999).  Teaching critical thinking through a health promotion contract. Nurse Educator, 24(4), 42-44.

Gray, M.R. (2003). Beyond content: Generating critical thinking in the classroom. Nurse Educator, 28(3):136-140.

Hicks, F.D., Merritt, S.L., & Elstein A.S. (2003). Critical thinking and clinical decision making in critical care nursing: a pilot study. Heart & Lung, 32, 169-80.

Howenstein, M.A., Bilodeau, K., Brogna, M.J., & Good, G. (1996). Factors associated with critical thinking among nurses. Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing, 27(3), 100-103.

Inouye, J., & Flannelly, L. (1998). Inquiry-Based Learning as a teaching strategy for critical thinking.  Clinical Nurse Specialist, 12(2), 67-69,

Jenkins, P., & Turick-Gibson, T. (1999). An exercise in critical thinking using role-playing.  Nurse Educator, 24(6), 11-14.

Jones, J.A., & Brown, L.N. (1991).  Critical thinking: Impact on nursing education.  Journal of Advanced Nursing, 16, 529-533.

Jones, D.C., & Sheridan, M.E. (1999). A case study approach: Developing critical thinking skills in novice pediatric nurses. The Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing, 30, 75-78.

Kratzke, C., Melton, L.E., & Marshall, B.L. (2003). Strategies to promote effective group work and critical thinking skills in the classroom. Journal for Nurses in Staff Development, 28, 26-30.

Krejci, J.W. (1997). Imagery: Stimulating critical thinking by exploring mental models. Journal of Nursing Education, 36, 482-484.

†  L’Eplattenier, N. (2001).  Tracing the development of critical thinking in baccalaureate nursing students.  Journal of the New York State Nurses Association, 32(2), 27-32.

Luckowski, A. (2003). Concept mapping as a critical thinking tool for nurse educators. Journal for Nurses in Staff Development, 19, 228-33.

McCarthy, P., Schuster, P., Zehr, P., & McDougal, D. (1999). Evaluation of critical thinking in a baccalaureate nursing program. Journal of Nursing Education, 38, 142-144.

Magnussen, L., Ishida, D., & Itano, J. (2000). The impact of the use of inquiry-based learning as a teaching methodology on the development of critical thinking. Journal of Nursing Education, 39, 360-364.

May, B.A., Edell, V., Butell,S., Doughty,J., & Langford, C. (1999). Critical thinking and clinical competence: a study of their relationship in BSN seniors. Journal of Nursing Education, 38, 100-110.

Maynard, C.A. (1996). Relationship of critical thinking ability to professional nursing competence. Journal of Nursing Education, 35, 12-18.

Martin, C. (2002). The theory of critical thinking of Nursing. Nursing Education Perspectives, 23, 243-247.

Morrison, S., & Free, K.W. (2001). Writing multiple-choice test items that promote and measure critical thinking. Journal of Nursing Education, 40, 17-24

Myrick, F. (2002).  Preceptorship and critical thinking in nursing education.  Journal of Nursing Education, 41, 154-164.

Myrick, F., & Yonge, O. (2004)  Enhancing critical thinking in the preceptorship experience in nursing education. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 45, 371-80.

† Nelms, T., & Lane, E.B. (1999).  Women’s ways of knowing in nursing & critical thinking.  Journal of Professional Nursing, 15, 179-186.

Perciful, E.G. (1996). The effect of an innovative clinical teaching method on nursing student’s knowledge and critical thinking skills.  Journal of Nursing Education, 35, 23-28.

Phillips, D.A.  (2000). Language as constitutive: Critical thinking for multicultural education to practice in the 21st century.  Journal of Nursing Education, 39, 365-372.

† Polge, J. (1995). Critical thinking: the use of intuition in making clinical nursing judgments. Journal of the New York State Nurses Association, 26(2), 4-9.

† Pond, E.F., Bradshaw, J.J., & Turner, S.L. (1991) Teaching strategies for critical thinking. Nurse Educator, 16(6), 18-22.

Profetto-McFrath, J., Hesketh, K.L., Lang, S., & Estabrooks, C.A. (2003). A study of critical thinking & research utilization among nurses.  Western Journal of Nursing Research, 25(3), 322-337.

Rapps, J., Riegel, B., & Glasser, D. (2001). Testing a predictive model of what makes a critical thinker. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 23(6), 610-626.

Redding, D.A. (2001). The development of critical thinking among students in baccalaureate nursing education. Holistic Nursing Practice, 15(4), 57-64

Redding, D.A. (2001).  Spotlight on critical thinking disposition as it relates to academic achievement in baccalaureate nursing education.  Nurse Educator, 26 (3), 125-127.

Rossignol, M. (1997). Relationship between selected discourse strategies and student critical thinking. Journal of Nursing Education, 36, 467-475.

Sandor, M.K., Clark, M., Campbell, D., Rains, A.P., & Cascio, R. (1998). Evaluating critical thinking skills in a scenario-based community health course.  Journal of Community Health Nursing, 15(1), 21-29.

Schaeffer, B.K., & Rubenfield, M.G. (2000). A consensus statement on critical thinking in nursing.  Journal of Nursing Education, 39, 352-359.

Sedlak, C.A. (1997).  Critical thinking of beginning baccalaureate nursing students during the first clinical nursing course.  Journal of Nursing Education, 35, 11-18.

Seymour, B., Kinn, S., & Sutherland, N.  (2003). Valuing both critical & creative thinking in clinical practice: narrowing the research practice gap?  Journal of Advanced Nursing, 42, 288-296.

Shell, R. (2001). Perceived barriers to teaching for critical thinking by BNS nursing faculty. Nursing and Health Care Perspectives, 22, 286-291.

Spelic, S.S. (2001). Evaluation of critical thinking outcomes of a BSN program. Holistic Nursing Practice, 15(3), 27-34.

Stone, C.A., Davidson, L.J., Evans, J.L., & Hansen, M.A. (2001). Validity evidence for using a general critical thinking test to measure nursing students’ critical thinking. Holistic Nursing Practice, 15(4), 65-74.

Staib, S. (2003). Teaching and measuring critical thinking. Journal of Nursing Education, 42(11), 498-508.

Van Eerden, K. (2001). Using critical thinking vignettes to evaluate student learning. Nursing and Health Care Perspectives, 22, 231-234.

Videbeck, S.L., (1997).  Critical thinking: A model.  Journal of Nursing Education, 36, 23-28.

Weis, P., & Guyton-Simmons, J. (1998). A computer simulation for teaching critical thinking skills. Nurse Educator, 23(2), 30-33.

Wheeler, L.A. (2003). The influence of concept mapping on critical thinking in baccalaureate nursing students. Journal of Professional Nursing, 19, 339-346.

**Yeh, M.L., & Chen, H.H. (2003). Comparison affective dispositions toward critical thinking across Chinese and American baccalaureate nursing students. Journal of Nursing Research, 11, 39-46.

**  HSLIC does not own this journal.
†  Available in print only.

Recommended Books

see also . . . Journal Articles / Web Resources

Alfaro-LeFevre, R. (2004).  Critical thinking and clinical judgment: A practical approach Third Edition.  Saunders: St. Louis, MO. (ISBN 0-7216-9729-1)

An engaging, interactive approach to consciously building skills with an emphasis on promoting clinical judgment skills, using critical thinking indicators and strategies with guidelines, exercises and case scenarios.  Includes how to apply these skills to workplace situations and outcome focused writing.

Bandman, E.L. & Bandman, B. (1995). Critical thinking in Nursing. Second Edition. (ISBN 0-8385-1374-3) 

Focuses on formal, informal and inductive reasoning applied to nursing theory, practice and research. It addresses elements and fallacies of reasoning, critical thinking applied to nursing process, increased effectiveness in decision making, and dealing with some controversial issues.  Exercises are included in all the chapters.

Benner, P. (1984). From novice to expert: Excellence and power in clinical nursing practice.  Addison-Wesley: Menlo Park, CA

Based on an original study of  observations by nurses in practice, a description of different levels of competencies, clinical knowledge (know-how), and decision making of expert and novice nurses is presented in 7 domains of nursing practice.  Examples of excellence in nursing practice are illustrated in a variety of patient care situations.

Benner, P., Hooper-Kyriakidis, P., & Stannard, D. (1999). Clinical wisdom & linterventions in critical care. Philadelphia: Saunders. (ISBN 0-7216-7511-5)

A detailed and descriptive account of practical “nurse stories” that illustrate expert thinking-in-action and use of clinical grasp and clinical forethought in nine domains of practice organized around common clinical goals and concerns, i.e. caring for patients families and preventing hazards in a technical environment, surrounding critical care practice.  Further articulates the Benner’s earlier studies.

Benner, P. A., Tanner, C.A., & Chesla, C.A.  (1996).  Expertise in nursing practice: Caring, clinical judgment and ethics.  New York, NY: Springer Publishing Co. (ISBN 0-8261-8700-5)

A research approach which extends the earlier study  with more examination of clinical knowledge, clinical inquiry, clinical judgment and expert clinical comportment.  Discusses the skills of involvement with patients and families as central to gaining expertise.  Chapters include the relationship of theory and practice in skill acquisition, moving from entering the field to expert practice, and  primacy of caring and role of experience.

Green, C. (2000).  Critical thinking in nursing: Case studies across the curriculum.  Prentice-Hall: Upper Saddle River, NJ. (ISBN 0-8053-8538-X)

A workbook to practice critical thinking and analysis of case studies which span settings and specialties and are grouped by adult health, community and home care, maternal-newborn, care of children, and mental health.  Following an introduction to critical thinking which describes attitudes and skills, a practice session with brief scenarios and questions along with possible answers are presented.  The case studies are followed by a number of questions which students can use the strategies for critical thinking presented to direct their learning.  Suggested activities to help address the questions are provided in the instructor’s manual.

Jackson, M., Ignatavicius, D.D., & Case, B. (2004). Conversations in: Critical thinking and clinical judgment.  Springer Pub. Co: NY, NY. (ISBN 0-9717-499-3-0)

A very practical and easy to read dialogue of  focused conversations related to critical thinking.  The sections evolve around the theme of Walking Around the Elephant and include critical thinking models, steps for problem analysis, examples of critical thinking indicators, developing competence, evidenced based practice, setting priorities, test construction, and creative games.

Martinez de Castillo, S.L. (2003).  Strategies, techniques, & approaches to thinking: Case studies in clinical nursing.  Second Edition. Saunders: St. Louis, MO. (ISBN 0-7216-9772-0)

This case approach to critical thinking focuses on how to use skills in making decisions from basic skills, prioritizing and making clinical decisions, analyzing and interpreting data and developing management and leadership skills.  A simple, logical critical thinking model is presented to use.  Practice reading and answering higher level test questions is also included.

Rubenfeld, M.G. & Scheffer, B.K.(1999). Critical thinking in nursing: An interactive approach. Second Edition.  J. B. Lippincott: Philadelphia, PA (ISBN 0-7817-1634-9)

A THINK model which identifies five modes of thinking is presented and applied throughout within the perspective of Great Nursing.  It is a very interactive book with THINK inventories, Thinking Logs, Thinking Tracking worksheets for care plans and case studies, action learning assignments which walk through making judgments at each stage of the nursing process.

Wilkinson, J. M. (2001).  Nursing process and critical thinking. Third Edition. Prentice-Hall: Upper Saddle River, NJ. (ISBN 0-8053-9176-2)

This book presents a conceptual understanding of nursing process and critical thinking balanced with practical applications including practice exercises, specific critical thinking skills, and case studies.  A chapter is devoted to diagnostic reasoning.

Pesut, D & Herman, U. (1999). Clinical reasoning: The art and science of critical and creative thinking. Albany, NY: Delmar Publishers.

Clinical reasoning in nursing and nursing process using the OPT Model or third generation development of traditional nursing process.  Role of critical and creative thinking skills and middle-range theory that support the reflective core are outlined. Tools such as the OPT Model Worksheet and Clinical Reasoning Web and Thinking Strategies Worksheet are introduced.  Case studies focus on wellness in primary care, acute care, home health care, community mental health, and long term care.  Use of the model to support clinical supervision is discussed.

Lunney, M. (Ed.) (2001). Critical thinking and nursing diagnosis: Case studies and analyses.  Philadelphia: North American Nursing Diagnosis Association.

Emphasis on diagnostic skill development using NANDA and making accurate nursing diagnoses.  Presents Sternberg’s Theory of Intelligence.  29 case studies given ranging from acute and chronic problems to health promotion and health protection and asking what diagnoses would be chosen as well as questions for developing interpersonal, technical and intellectual skills for each.  Analyses and commentaries for each study are also provided.

Web Resources

see also . . . Journal Articles / Recommended Books

Coaching Winners: How to Teach Critical Thinking  –  (Longview Community College). 

This is a full text article about teaching critical thinking in the nursing curriculum.  Clicking on the Contents button of this page leads to other useful resources on critical thinking. 

http://www.kcmetro.cc.mo.us/longview/ctac/winners.htm

Critical Thinking: To Think Like A Nurse – (from a nursing faculty in British Columbia)

A full text article related to the critical thinking skills that nurses need.

http://www.cariboo.bc.ca/nursing/faculty/heaslip/nrsct.htm

Critical Thinking Consortium – (Sonoma State University). 

This website provides a listing of critical thinking conferences, instruction guides and lesson plans for educators, some full text articles, and a list suggested books and videos on critical thinking.

http://www.criticalthinking.org/

Critical Thinking on the Web – (from an instructor in Australia)

An extensive web site offering a variety of tools and full text articles related to all aspects of critical thinking.

http://www.austhink.org/critical/

Critical Thinking Strategies: Concept Mapping – (Texas Collaborative for Teaching Excellence)

Examples of  the use of concept maps in the clinical nursing setting.

http://cord.org/txcollabnursing/onsite_conceptmap.htm

Mission: Critical – (San Jose State)

Describing itself as a ‘virtual lab’, this site is designed to help users understand the basic concepts of critical thinking through a self-paced online format.

http://www2.sjsu.edu/depts/itl/graphics/main.html

Teaching Critical Thinking – (Dartmouth College).  

A guide for instructors, this page lists strategies for teaching critical thinking through writing.

http://www.dartmouth.edu/~compose/faculty/pedagogies/thinking.html

Think - Insight Assessment

A commercial website that produces tests and measurements for critical thinking.  Provides a few free tools and the full text of two reports on critical thinking.

http://www.insightassessment.com/home.html

Identifying the Argument of an Essay – A Tutorial in Critical Reasoning – (Metropolitan Community College)

A web-based interactive tutorial that takes the user through the steps of recognizing an argument in an essay and the conclusion and reasoning statements.

http://commhum.mccneb.edu/argument/summary.htm



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