OPMD is a form of muscular dystrophy that has only recently been recognized. It was first described in parts of French Canada. Today, the largest known population of individuals with OPMD in the United States is in New Mexico among people of Hispanic ancestry. Even though OPMD is rare in the worldwide population, it is the most common muscular dystrophy in the state of New Mexico. There is still much that researchers are trying to learn about OPMD. A research team from the UNM Health Sciences Center is studying the basic science of the condition and possible future treatments.