Lecturing/Making Presentations:
GIVING AN EFFECTIVE LECTURE OR PRESENTATION

 Getting Started (Set)

• Review objectives for learners.
• Introduce content.
• Demonstrate relevance.
• Put content in context of bigger picture.
• Build rapport/generate motivation.

Main Message (Body)

• Tell a story rather than deliver information.
• Limit content to an amount appropriate to the time frame (rule of thumb is about 3-5 major points per hour).
• Emphasize major points and illustrate with concrete examples.
• Use signposts (e.g., "There are four major points…" "The first thing…" "To sum up…")
• Add "color" (humor, analogy, vivid language, etc.).
• Summarize subsections.
• Change stimuli periodically.
• Talk with rather than at; involve learners.
• Use questions effectively, allowing ample wait time after questions (min 10 seconds).
• Manage pace of delivery.
• Make good eye contact (even when using notes) with entire audience.
• Exhibit enthusiasm.
• Use facial expression, voice, and body language to reinforce content and create interest.
• Avoid distracting behaviors such as jingling change in pocket, pacing, playing with pen, etc.
• Use equipment and audio-visual aids effectively.
• Manage time, leaving enough for questions and closure.

Wrapping Up (Closure)

• Ask for questions.
• Summarize major points.
• Relate content to objectives and the big picture.
• Do not introduce any new material.
• Do not end with "Any questions?"
• Tie back in to the introduction.